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Rebuild and move forward

This page provides the guidance and resources you need to build a safe future after you’ve left.

3A.

Use safe technology practices

Device and app safety

Your device can be a great tool to connect you to your support people or services. Follow these safe device tips to protect yourself and your information:

  • Use Alternative Devices:
    • Avoid using your current device for tasks that may aggravate your partner or put you at risk.
    • Get a new basic phone using a prepaid service in your name.
    • Use scanners at libraries, women’s services, or a trusted friend’s device to scan, photocopy, or email important documents.
  • Lock and Protect Your Device:
    • Set devices to lock immediately after the screen is turned off.
    • Use strong passwords to lock your devices.
    • If your phone has the option, use biometric security features like facial recognition and fingerprints for added security.
  • Device Tracking:
    • Use device tracking features (e.g., Find My iPhone, Find My Device) to locate your device if it goes missing. Ensure these features are set up and activated.
    • Be aware your partner may use these features to track you.
    • When necessary, leave your devices at home to avoid being tracked.
  • Update Software:
    • Software updates can provide security patches or enhanced privacy features to make your device more secure.
  • Manage app settings:
    • Review and manage the permissions granted to apps on your devices regularly. Limit access to sensitive data and features, such as your location, contacts, and camera.
    • Some mobile apps save passwords or keep you logged into your accounts. Hide these apps from your device's home screen to make it harder to find these apps. For further instructions, see iPhone Life Magazine’s article.
  • Backups:
    • Regular Backups: Back up your data to a secure cloud service or external hard drive so you can access your important information, even if your device is compromised. Remember, if you have a family back-up account such as an iCloud your partner may be able to see your texts, images and other data from your device.

Instructional resources

Check for spyware and tracking apps

Protect your devices from tracking apps, spyware, and scams to maintain your privacy. Spyware is malicious software that an abusive partner might install on your smartphone, computer, or tablet. This software monitors the device activities without your knowledge or consent.

Signs spyware is installed on your device include:

  1. The device battery dies faster than usual (although this can also be a sign of an ageing battery).
  2. Unknown programs are operating in the background of the device.
  3. The device is slower.
  4. Your partner knows about emails, texts and phone calls you make in private.
  5. A keylogger (devices that record keystrokes on a computer) is installed between the keyboard and the computer.

For further information on spyware, see Women’s Technology Safety & Privacy Toolkit.

Safer in the Home can inspect potential spyware technologies, including:

  • Spyware on mobiles, iPads, computers and social media.
  • Tracking devices on vehicles.
  • Monitoring devices within the home, such as cameras and recording devices.

Identifying online scams

Although an abusive partner is unlikely to run a scam against you, it’s important to be aware of the risks so your financial capacity to leave the relationship is not impaired by scammers.

The main types of scams are:

  1. Scammers who pretend to be trustworthy organisations or individuals to get personal or banking information. Using this information, scammers steal money, commit identity fraud, or commit other crimes.
  2. A catfishing or dating scam is when someone poses a convincing online profile to start a long-distance relationship. Once the relationship is established, they often ask for money to handle an emergency.

For government-regulated alerts on current scams, see Scamwatch or Stay Smart Online.

Other Ways to Protect Your Devices

  • Use reputable antivirus and anti-malware software on all your devices. Update this software regularly to protect against the latest threats.
  • Monitor your devices for any unusual activity or apps you did not install. Look for signs of spyware or tracking apps.
  • Regularly run security scans on your devices to detect and remove malicious software.

Keep your location safe online

Keeping your location safe is crucial to prevent your abuser from tracking your movements:

  1. Ask friends and family, including children, to avoid posting images that could give away your location on social media.
  2. Check for small unidentified electronic devices on your technology, car and child’s property.
  3. Speak to your dealership to turn off inbuilt GPS systems on your car.
  4. Disable location services on devices, including children’s, especially if they’re gifted from your partner.
  5. Only allow navigation apps to access location services temporarily. Learn how to do this on iOS devices with Apple.
  6. Check credit card or direct debit payments don’t reveal your location, i.e. gym memberships or petrol stations that list the location or branch of your purchase.
  7. Use an independent bank account or pay for things in cash.
  8. Search your full name on Google in quotation marks to see if your private information is online.
  9. Disconnect your devices and online accounts to family networks, such as iCloud or Google.
  10. Don’t save passwords or connect to previous accounts that could be linked to family networks.

For further information, see 1800RESPECT’s online accounts and app safety.

Social media privacy

Social media can be an important tool to help you stay connected to support networks. Learn how to keep your online profile private with eSafety.

  1. Only connect with ‘friends’ you can trust to not communicate with your ex-partner.
  2. Avoid mutual friends with your ex-partner. They may be able to track your activities via these friends.
  3. Adjust security settings to appropriate levels on every social media network.
  4. Don’t allow social media to link with search engines and other social networks; doing so will allow people you have blocked on different networks to view your profile.
  5. Always log out of accounts rather than closing the window. Use alias accounts.
  6. If required, create new social media accounts under different names, with uncompromised emails and passwords so you can communicate privately with friends.
  7. Don’t delete existing accounts to avoid raising suspicion.

Email Safety

When creating online accounts, you may need an email address. Creating a new email that you know your partner cannot access or monitor is good practice.

Create a new email account.

  1. Use free email services such as Google Mail.
  2. Avoid using your name as the email address (try something like [email protected] rather than [email protected]).
  3. Avoid linking email accounts or phone numbers that your partner monitors.
  4. Use a trusted friend’s email if needed for authentication purposes.
  5. Use this email when safety planning or when accessing important sites such as Centrelink or banks.

Reset passwords

  1. Reset old passwords and carefully consider passwords for all new accounts. Avoid using children's and pet’s birthdays, names, or personal words your partner may know.
  2. Try using two words with a number or symbol sequence in the middle (For example, ‘your76>toolkit’)
  3. You can keep passwords on a list stored at a friend’s house or use apps such as LastPass, LogMeOnce, and Dashlane.

Keep up old appearances and use old emails for day-to-day communications.

3B.

Increase personal safety

Stay safe at home

Most home security measures are not foolproof but may slow someone down who is attempting to gain access to the property so that you can follow your safety plan. Decide which of these options suits you based on the risks and threats your former partner makes:

Home safety improvements

The following options, listed from least to most expensive, involve physically altering the premises to protect your safety. 

  1. Ensure your house number is visible from the street so you can be reached easily in an emergency.
  2. Only open a door if you know who is there;  ask for ID if necessary.
  3. Trim back plants near doors and windows to provide fewer hiding places.
  4. Remove objects from fences that could be used to access your property, such as rubbish bins and branches.
  5. Install peepholes on entrance doors to see who is at the door without opening it.
  6. Place dowels (thin wooden poles that can be bought from any hardware store) in window runners and sliding doors to make them difficult to force open.
  7. Lock the garage, shed and side gates – lock tools and other objects that could be used to cause harm.
  8. Padlock mailboxes or rent a Post Office box to prevent mail theft.
  9. Bolt or lock ceiling manhole covers, especially if your house has a tiled roof or the maintenance hole is outside or in the garage.
  10. Install security screens on as many external doors and windows as possible.
  11. Change the locks on doors and windows, and keep a key by the door in case you have to leave through this door in an emergency.
  12. Install outside sensor lights.
  13. Install cameras (or fake cameras); low-cost cameras are available online or from a local technology or hardware store.
  14. Install a landline answering machine and use it to screen incoming phone calls.

Safe at home programs

There are many Safe at Home programs offered to help women experiencing family and domestic violence secure their homes. These programs can help with:

  • Risk assessment and a safety audit of the home
  • Assessment of home and personal technologies for spyware and monitoring.
  • Upgrading home security
  • Providing information and referrals to other support services
    National

    Extended list of Safe at Home Programs

    Safe at Home Program - Salvation Army

    Australian Government - Safety programs, prevention and evidence

    WA

    Safe at Home

    ACT

    Staying@Home

    NSW

    Staying Home Leaving Violence

    QLD

    Safe at Home

    VIC

    Safe Steps

    SA

    Staying Home, Staying Safe

    TAS

    Keeping Women Safe in their Home program

    NT

    Keeping Women Safe in their Homes

    Stay safe in public

    Family violence restraining orders prohibit your former partner from coming within a certain number of metres of you at any time or visiting the places you frequent and work. However, you may wish to take extra precautions when in public.

    If you need to speak to the police for non-emergency domestic violence matters, call them on Police Link (Tel: 131 444)

    In public:

    1. Stay in areas with other people and avoid walking alone.
    2. If possible, vary your routine, including:
      • The routes between home and work
      • If you regularly catch a bus, get off a stop earlier or later than usual
      • The shopping centres you visit and the days you shop
      • Places you socialise
    3. Have emergency numbers on speed dial.
    4. If there is an emergency in a public place and you cannot call 000 yourself, ask bystanders to call the police.
    5. Park your car in a busy, public and well-lit space. Avoid underground car parks and ask someone to walk you to your vehicle.
    6. If you’re being followed in the car, don’t stop – drive straight to the nearest Police station. Lock the car doors and roll up the windows if you need to stop at lights or for traffic.
    7. If your former partner approaches you while you're stopped, close the doors and windows and repeatedly sound the horn to attract the public's attention.

    If you think there may be a threat to you whilst at work, learn more about how to tell your workplace and work appropriate safety advice.

    Deescalation Tactics

    A perpetrator’s behaviour is never your fault or responsibility. However, developing de-escalation tactics to protect yourself in tense situations may be helpful. These skills may help calm down the abuser and reduce the immediate risk of harm. Remember your safety is the priority. These strategies are tools you can use to manage potentially dangerous situations. De-escalating can give you time to plan to leave.

    Important Considerations:

    • Your Safety First: The main goal of de-escalation tactics is protecting yourself. Always prioritise your safety over trying to calm the perpetrator.
    • Not a Long-Term Solution: While de-escalation can help in the short term, it is not a permanent solution. Seek support from domestic violence services to develop a comprehensive safety plan.
    • Seek Help: Contact domestic violence hotlines like 1800RESPECT (1800 737 723) for immediate support and guidance. They can provide resources and assistance to ensure your long-term safety.

    Key De-escalation Tactics:

    1. Stay Calm:
      • Controlled Breathing: Take deep, slow breaths to stay calm. This can help you think clearly.
      • Neutral Tone: Speak in a soft, steady voice; avoid arguing or yelling back.
    2. Non-Confrontational Body Language:
      • Open Posture: Stand or sit in a way that doesn’t look threatening. Avoid getting stuck in the corners of rooms or other places.
      • Eye Contact: Make brief eye contact to show you are listening, but avoid staring.
    3. Active Listening:
      • Acknowledge Feelings: Recognise the perpetrator’s feelings without agreeing with their behaviour. Simple statements like “I understand you are upset” can sometimes help calm them down.
      • Stay Silent: Sometimes, saying nothing can be more effective than talking.
    4. Agree to Disengage:
      • Time-Out: Suggest taking a break from the conversation to let emotions cool down. Propose talking about it later when both parties are calmer.
      • Non-Commitment: Respond with “I need time to think about that” to avoid confrontation without agreeing to unreasonable demands.
    5. Avoid Triggers:
      • Recognise Patterns: Identify words or actions that typically trigger anger in the perpetrator and avoid them when possible.
      • Shift Topics: Change the subject to something neutral to distract from the immediate issue.
    6. Create Physical Distance:
      • Move Away: If safe, create space between yourself and the perpetrator. Position yourself near exits if you need to leave quickly.
      • Barrier Use: To feel safer, place a physical barrier, like a piece of furniture, between you and the perpetrator.
    7. Prepare an Exit Strategy:
      • Pre-Plan: If the situation becomes dangerous, have a plan for leaving quickly. Know the safest exits and have a go-bag ready.

    De-escalation tactics are useful tools that can help you avoid immediate threats and stay safe. Remember however, that these strategies are not a long-term solution, and it is not your responsibility to tolerate abusive behaviour. You deserve a safe, violence-free environment.

    Mail safety

    It is important to ensure that mail such as bills, bank statements, and other financial information continues to reach you. Consider making these changes to secure your mail safety:

    • Get a PO Box or redirect mail to a trusted friend or family member or your new accommodation.
    • Australia Post offers free mail redirection for 12 months for victims of domestic violence. They can also provide PO Box access for up to 23 months, which can be a safe way to keep your new address confidential. For further information, see Australia Post – Free Mail Redirection.
    • If mail is addressed to more than one person and only one of the addressees has applied for a Mail Redirection service, the mail will be delivered as addressed (it will not be redirected).
    • If mail is addressed to more than one person, and the addressees have both applied for redirections but to different addresses, it will be treated as “left address” and returned to the sender.
    • Be aware that it is an offence to open mail addressed to someone else or to tamper with mail (this includes interfering with mail receptacles, stealing mail before delivery and opening mail that you are not authorised to open).

    3C.

    Find housing and accomodation

    Short term and emergency accommodation

    A safe living environment is important for everybody. Here are examples of places where you may find short-term accommodation:

    • Domestic violence shelter: Specialised shelters for domestic violence survivors offer protection and a range of support services tailored to your needs. These shelters ensure a secure environment where you can start planning your next steps. Find details for a local shelter in our service directory or call 1800 RESPECT (1800 737 723) to be referred.
    • Stay with friends or family: Seeking refuge with trusted friends or family can provide a supportive and familiar environment. Ensure they understand the importance of maintaining confidentiality and have a plan for your safety while you stay with them.
    • Stay at home: If you choose to stay at home, you can take steps to enhance your safety. This may include changing locks, installing security systems, and establishing a safety plan with trusted neighbours who can call the police if necessary.
    • Community and faith-based organisations: Many community and faith-based organisations offer temporary housing and support services. They often provide a supportive network and resources to help you transition to a safer environment.
    • Salvation Army Homelessness support and services: Search homelessness services by suburb or postcodes.

    Rentals and social housing

    Securing stable housing is a critical step in rebuilding your life after leaving an abusive relationship. Whether you're looking for private rental options or seeking social housing assistance, understanding your rights and the available resources can help you make informed decisions about your living situation.

    Finding a Rental Property

    • Search for Safe and Affordable Options: When looking for a rental property, prioritise safety, affordability, and proximity to your support network. Consider using rental search websites like realestate.com.au, Domain, or local community boards to find available properties.
    • Rental Assistance: If you’re struggling to afford rent, you may be eligible for Rent Assistance through Centrelink. This payment can help reduce the financial burden of renting in the private market. For more information, see Services Australia. 
    • Staying safe: Ask government agencies, utility companies, banks and landlords to keep the details of your new address private. Consider getting a PO Box for important mail.

    Understanding Your Rights as a Tenant

    • Tenancy Agreements: Ensure you understand the terms of your lease agreement. Familiarise yourself with your rights and responsibilities as a tenant, including how to handle disputes or issues with the landlord. Each state and territory has specific laws governing rental agreements, so it's important to know the rules in your area.
    • Breaking a Lease: If you need to leave a rental property due to domestic violence, some states and territories allow you to break a lease early without financial penalty. Check with your local tenancy authority to understand your rights and the process for breaking a lease under these circumstances.
    • Australian Competition and Consumer Commission: Learn about your rights whilst renting.

    Accessing Social Housing

    • Eligibility for Social Housing: Social housing provides affordable rental housing for people on low incomes who need housing support. Eligibility criteria vary by state and territory, but typically include factors such as income, assets, and housing needs. Social housing can be a safe and stable option if you’re unable to afford private rentals.
    • Applying for Social Housing: To apply for social housing, you’ll need to contact your state or territory’s housing authority. Be prepared to provide documentation of your financial situation, housing needs, and any relevant personal circumstances, such as experiences of domestic violence.
    • Waitlists and Prioritisation: Social housing often has long waitlists, but priority may be given to those fleeing domestic violence. It’s important to discuss your situation with a housing officer to ensure you receive the appropriate support and prioritisation.
      WA

      Department of Communities - Housing

      Family and Domestic Violence - Tenancy Laws WA

      ACT

      ACT Government Housing

      NSW

      NSW Government Housing

      QLD

      Queensland Government Housing Services

      VIC

      Housing Victoria

      Family violence - information for renters and rental providers

      SA

      SA Housing Authority

      TAS

      Communities Tasmania - Housing

      NT

      Northern Territory Government Housing

      3D.

      Work with Centrelink and myGov

      Create a myGov account

      Creating a myGov account is your first step in accessing various government services online, including Centrelink, Medicare, and the Australian Taxation Office. With a myGov account, you can manage your affairs securely and conveniently from one place.

      1. Visit the myGov Website: Go to www.my.gov.au.
      2. Create an Account: Click on "Create an account" and follow the prompts to enter your personal information, including your email address. Ensure your email is secure and not accessible by anyone else.
      3. Verify Your Identity: You’ll need to verify your identity by answering a series of questions related to your personal information. You may be asked for details such as your tax file number, Medicare card, or Centrelink customer reference number.
      4. Set up Security: Choose strong security questions and create a password. For added security, consider enabling two-factor authentication.

      Link myGov to Centrelink

      Linking your myGov account to Centrelink allows you to manage your Centrelink services online, streamlining your access to payments and information.

      1. Log into myGov: Go to www.my.gov.au and log in to your account.
      2. Link a Service: On your myGov homepage, select "Link a service" and choose "Centrelink" from the list.
      3. Verify Your Identity: You’ll need to verify your identity to link your Centrelink and myGov accounts. The Services Australia myGov online guide lists all of the options.
      4. Complete the Process: Once verified, your myGov account will be linked to Centrelink, allowing you to manage your benefits, report income, and access statements online.

      Contact and access Centrelink

      Centrelink provides financial support and services to those in need. After setting up your myGov account, you can link it to Centrelink to manage your payments and services online.

      1. Call Centrelink: If you need to speak to someone directly, you can call Centrelink at 132 850. Be prepared for wait times and have your Customer Reference Number (CRN) ready.
      2. Visit a Centrelink Office: If you prefer face-to-face assistance, visit your local Centrelink office. Use the Centrelink Service Finder to find your nearest office.
      3. Use the Centrelink App: Download the Centrelink app (Express Plus Centrelink) on your smartphone for easy access to your account and services.

      You can complete a range of self-services, including:

      • Online self-service account – Claim payments, update details, get reminders and report income
      • Express plus mobile apps – Access information and complete Medicare, Centrelink and child support services
      • Phone self-service – Access and update your personal information Centrelink Online letters.

      Find information about Services Australia Family and Domestic Violence Support.

      Tips for working with Centrelink

      Navigating Centrelink can be challenging, but these tips can help you manage your interactions more smoothly:

      1. Documentation: Providing the necessary documentation is crucial for dealing with Centrelink, as it ensures you meet eligibility requirements and can receive payments. You might be asked to provide valid proof of identity. The Express Plus mobile app is useful for delivering documents to Centrelink. It allows you to take a photo of the document and upload it via the app. If you have trouble gathering documentation to provide to Centrelink, let them know, and they may be able to help.
      2. Record keeping: Always keep a detailed record of every interaction with Centrelink, including times, dates, what was discussed, documents provided, the name of the customer assistant, and any receipt numbers. Take screenshots when uploading documents online or via the app and store all records securely in a diary, spreadsheet, USB, or online storage like Dropbox or Google Drive.
      3. Contacting Centrelink: Contacting Centrelink can be time-consuming, so plan ahead. Phone lines are open Monday to Friday, 8 am to 5 pm, and the Family Assistance Office is open until 8 pm. Prepare a list of questions before calling or visiting in person, and aim to contact them early in the morning or on Wednesdays and Thursdays to avoid long wait times. If calling, use the speakerphone to multitask while waiting, and remember that online contact might be faster. Being polite, patient, and grateful can encourage staff to go the extra mile to assist you.
      4. Problem with Centrelink: If you have a complaint about Centrelink, you can learn about the complaints process on the Centrelink website, including how to appeal to the Commonwealth Ombudsman. If you disagree with a decision made by Centrelink, you can request a review via Services Australia or the Economic Justice Australia website. You may be eligible for compensation if you believe a Centrelink mistake has caused you financial loss. Legal assistance may be required.
      5. Centrelink Scams: Be wary of scams by people contacting you, pretending to be from Centrelink, or seeking your money or information. Centrelink will only contact you under certain circumstances and in certain ways and provides advice on How to protect against scams.
      6. Extra assistance: Centrelink provides support to people of diverse backgrounds. Details about how to contact Centrelink in a language other than English, or in the case of hearing difficulties, can be found at their Information in your language webpage. Centrelink online also provides general accessibility support, including a ‘listening button’ for visually impaired people.

      Your responsibility – Social security fraud

      It’s important to understand your responsibilities when receiving Centrelink payments. Social security fraud occurs when you knowingly provide false information or fail to report changes in your circumstances. You can avoid social security fraud by:

      1. Reporting a change of circumstances promptly: Always update Centrelink about changes in your circumstances within 14 days of the change.
      2. Providing truthful information: To ensure that you receive the correct support and maintain your eligibility for Centrelink payments, it’s important to provide accurate and truthful information. Here’s what you must report to Centrelink:
        • Your Identity: Always use your correct identity when claiming a social security payment or service.
        • Income and Assets: Accurately report all income and assets. This includes regular earnings, lump-sum payments, inheritances, or any other significant financial resources.
        • Living Arrangements: Notify Centrelink if your living situation changes, such as if you share a house with family or a partner.
        • Your relationship status: Centrelink should be updated if you enter into a relationship or exit a previous one so they can adjust your payments accordingly. You will need to provide proof or witnesses to confirm a separation and complete a separation details form.
        • Travel and Residency: Inform Centrelink if you plan to leave Australia, whether for a short trip or if you’re moving abroad while receiving payments.
        • Your dependents: Provide updates about your dependents, including once they’ve turned 18. If you have another child or the way you share care of a child changes, this may affect your support payments for your children.
      3. Mutual obligation requirements: To receive certain payments, you may be asked to meet mutual obligation requirements such as applying for jobs, doing training, or studying. You may be exempt from these requirements if you are homeless or facing domestic violence. Learn more about exemptions for family and domestic violence.

      Centrelink may define a “relationship” as an on-again-off-again relationship or where a former partner is still living in the same home as the claiming partner. This can affect the rate and type of support payments you may be entitled to. Single-parent payment and child support payments can be suspended if you and your partner have reconciled (re-entered into a relationship) for six months or more. A new child support assessment must be lodged to receive payments again.

      Centrelink debt

      If Centrelink determines that you’ve been overpaid, you may be given a Centrelink debt. This can happen if you didn’t report your income correctly or if Centrelink mistakenly calculated your payments. It’s important to take the following steps before making any payments:

      1. Check your records carefully: Review your personal records and compare them with the details in the debt letter.
      2. Request Documentation: Ask Centrelink for all relevant documentation related to the alleged debt. This will help you verify whether the debt is accurate.
      3. Payment Arrangements: If you cannot afford to repay the debt immediately, you can request a repayment arrangement or payment plan with Centrelink. In cases of financial hardship, you may also be able to request that Centrelink waive the debt, but you will need supporting documentation.
      4. Dispute the Debt: If you disagree with the debt assessment, you can appeal Centrelink’s decision by writing to them or calling them directly. You can escalate your appeal to the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) if necessary.
      5. Seek Support: For assistance with Centrelink debts, contact the National Debt Helpline at 1800 007 007 or visit the National Debt Helpline. Financial counsellors can provide guidance and help you navigate the process.
      6. Legal and Financial Advice: For more information or legal support, visit the Economic Justice Australia website. If Centrelink has made an error that caused you financial loss, you may be able to claim compensation through Services Australia.

      If you have a complaint about Centrelink's service or believe they have made a mistake, you may appeal Centrelink’s decision by writing or calling Centrelink, or with free help from your local community legal centre, available at Economic Justice Australia. A further appeal can be made to the Administrative Appeals Tribunal.

      3E.

      Access support payments

      Financial counsellors

      A financial counsellor offers free, confidential, and independent advice to help you manage your finances. They often have experience and training in supporting clients facing family and domestic violence, so they provide appropriate and safe support.

      • How can a financial counsellor help? These professionals can assist you in understanding your financial situation, managing debts, accessing government payments, and planning for the future.
      • How to access: You can find a financial counsellor through the National Debt Helpline by calling 1800 007 007. The service is free and available to anyone in Australia.

      Centrelink payments

      Centrelink offers a variety of payments designed to support individuals and families during times of financial hardship. These payments provide essential financial assistance to help cover living expenses, medical costs, housing, and more. Here’s a comprehensive overview of the different types of Centrelink payments available:

      • JobSeeker: For individuals who are unemployed and actively seeking work. It provides financial support while you search for employment. Additional assistance, such as Rent Assistance, may be available if you rent privately.
      • Youth Allowance: For people aged 16 to 24 who are studying full-time, undertaking an apprenticeship, training, or looking for work. The payment amount depends on whether you are dependent or independent and is subject to income and asset tests.
      • Austudy: Financial assistance to full-time students and Australian apprentices aged 25 or older. It helps cover the costs of education and living expenses while you study.
      • Crisis Payment: A one-off payment for those who have experienced severe financial hardship due to extreme circumstances, including family and domestic violence. You must apply or register your intent to claim within 7 days of the event that led to your claim (e.g., deciding to leave your home). A social worker may be required to provide short-term counselling and referrals to other services.
      • Special Benefit: This payment is for individuals who are in financial hardship and not eligible for other Centrelink payments, such as JobSeeker or Youth Allowance. It is often available to non-Australian citizens who are permanent residents or hold an approved visa. You can also claim this payment for a child if you have custody and cannot access other income or family support payments because you are not a permanent resident, but your child is an Australian citizen or permanent resident.

      Other Centrelink support services:

      • Low-Income Health Care Card: This card provides access to cheaper prescription medicines under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) and other concessions, such as discounted healthcare and utilities. It is available to individuals and families with low incomes.
      • Rent assistance: An additional payment is available to individuals receiving certain Centrelink payments for renting in the private rental market or community housing. It helps to reduce the financial burden of rent.
      • Social work services: Support and counselling during difficult times, such as after a traumatic event or when facing severe financial hardship. Social workers can help with accessing emergency payments, crisis intervention, and referrals to other support services. 
      • Job search services: Help individuals receiving Centrelink payments, like JobSeeker Payment, find employment. These services include access to job search facilities, resume writing assistance, job training programs, and connections with potential employers.

      A complete list of all the Centrelink payments and services can be found on the Centrelink website.

      Child care support payments

      Centrelink offers several payments and services designed to support parents and caregivers in raising children. These payments help with the costs of childcare, provide financial assistance to single parents, and support families with newborns or young children. Below is an overview of the key child-caring support payments available through Centrelink:

      • Family Tax Benefit: Available to families with dependent children under a certain age. Eligibility is based on income tests; the payment is adjusted according to your family's income.
        • Part A: Provides financial assistance for families with dependent children. The amount you receive depends on your family’s income and the number of children you have.
        • Part B: This payment provides additional support to help with the cost of raising children to single-income families or single parents.
      • Parenting Payment: Income support for primary carers of young children, available to single or partnered parents, subject to income and asset tests.
      • Newborn Upfront Payment and Newborn Supplement: A one-off payment for families following the birth or adoption of a child, added to Family Tax Benefit Part A.
      • Child Care Subsidy (CCS): Helps with the cost of approved child care, paid directly to providers, based on family income and hours of recognized activities. If you are eligible for the CCS, you may also qualify for an Additional Child Care Subsidy, including support for children exposed to domestic violence under the child wellbeing category.
      • Child Support: Ongoing payments made by one parent to another for the benefit of a child after a relationship ends; may include a parenting plan and cease if parents reconcile for six months or more. If seeking support puts you at risk, contact Centrelink’s Families Line at 136 150 to speak with a social worker.

      Please note: Support payments for children are available if you are a legal parent, which includes being a birth parent, adoptive parent, married to the birth parent when the child was born, or a parent recognized under the Family Law Act 1975 (in cases of surrogacy). Non-parent carers of a child—those who care for the child at least 128 nights a year and are not in a relationship with either parent—are also eligible.

      Hardship support payments

      When facing financial hardship, especially after leaving an abusive relationship, there are several national and state-based assistance programs available in Australia to help you manage essential expenses. These programs provide financial support for utilities, rent, groceries, and other necessities. Browse an overview of the key hardship assistance payments available:

        National

        Crisis Payment for extreme circumstances family and domestic violence: Available up to four times in 12 months for people who have experienced family and domestic violence and already receive income support payments. This payment has several eligibility requirements, which are viewable at Services Australia.

        Crisis Payment for other extreme circumstances: This payment provides additional support if you are not eligible for the Crisis Payment for FDV. 

        Escaping Family Violence Payment: A one-off payment of up to $5,000 to help Australian citizens and permanent residents experiencing partner violence in financial hardship due to family and domestic violence. Available to those experiencing family violence, regardless of whether they are receiving other Centrelink payments.

        Red Cross Family and Domestic Violence Financial Assistance: Provides financial assistance in the form of vouchers for essentials like food, clothing, and transport to individuals who are experiencing family or domestic violence. Available to those in urgent financial need after experiencing family and domestic violence. The program is not open to Australian citizens or permanent visa holders. If you are a citizen or permanent visa holder, you may be eligible for support through the Australian Government’s Escaping Violence Payment.

        No Interest Loan Scheme: Offers small loans of up to $3000 for essential goods and services, such as household appliances, medical expenses, or car repairs. Available to individuals with a Health Care Card, Pensioner Concession Card, OR an income under $70,00 a year (before tax) OR who have experienced family and domestic violence within the last 10 years.

        ANZ Saver Plus: A matched savings program that helps individuals develop long-term saving habits. Participants save up to $500, which is then matched dollar for dollar (up to $500) by the program to cover education-related expenses. Available to individuals with a Health Care Card or Pensioner Concession Card who have some form of regular income.

        WA

        Western Australia Hardship Utilities Grant Scheme (HUGS): Provides financial assistance to help pay electricity, water, and gas bills for Western Australia residents in financial hardship.

        Western Australia Concession: Find a full list of available concessions through ConcessionsWA.

        Western Australia rental assistance while in a refuge: If you rent a Department of Housing home and need to stay at Women’s Refuge, you can apply for the “absentee minimum rent”, which reduces your rent to $10 per week for up to 3 months.

        Dependent child rebate—Electricity: This helps eligible concession card holders with dependent children meet electricity costs. The rebate is calculated according to the number of dependent children on the concession card. 

        ACT

        Crisis Payment for extreme circumstances family and domestic violence - Services Australia: This is a national crisis payment available to people who have experienced family and domestic violence and meet the other eligibility criteria.

        NSW

        NSW Government Immediate Needs Support Package: This package is available to victims of domestic violence in NSW for rent assistance and other purchases up to a maximum of $5,000.

        New South Wales Energy Accounts Payment Assistance (EAPA): Provides vouchers to help pay electricity or gas bills for NSW residents experiencing short-term financial crises or emergencies.

        QLD

        Brokerage and emergency crisis payment arrangements: A list of available crisis payments in QLD.

        VIC

        Victoria Utility Relief Grant Scheme (URGS): Offers financial assistance to low-income Victorian households who cannot pay their utility bills due to a temporary financial crisis.

        SA

        South Australia Financial Counselling and Support Services: Provides advice, advocacy, and referrals to emergency financial relief programs for South Australian residents experiencing financial hardship.

        Financial hardship support payments: Find information about available payments or interest-free loan options in SA.

        TAS

        Safe at Home Flexible Support Packages: This program aims to complement existing practical resources up to a maximum of $6,000 for essential items.

        NT

        Victim financial help: Financial assistance may be available for victims, people injured by witness crime, or family members of deceased victims.

        Support paying bills

        If you are having trouble paying bills, the first thing to do is contact your provider. Most companies have hardship officers who can help you with a plan to pay bills in instalments. Visit your providers website to find information about their hardship support, some useful sources are:

        If you have been threatened with a disconnection notice, seek help as soon as possible. Call your provider or the National Debt Helpline on 1800 007 007. For more information on disconnections and your rights, see Economic Regulation Authority.

        Moneysmart also provides helpful resources for bills and fine management. 

        3F.

        Split joint finances

        Separate shared properties

        When separating from a partner, managing joint assets and shared properties can be complex and stressful. Follow these steps to protect your financial interests and ensure that all actions are taken with your knowledge and consent.

        1. Notify your bank and lenders: Contact your bank or financial institution in writing to inform them of your separation. Clearly state that you wish to be notified of any changes to joint assets, such as mortgages or loans. This ensures that your bank is aware of the situation and will not make any changes—such as extending loans or altering credit limits—without your explicit consent. It also helps prevent the risk of forged signatures.
        2. Review and secure your mortgage: If your mortgage has a line of credit or redraw facility, request that the terms be changed to require both parties’ signatures for future drawdowns or withdrawals.
        3. Limit liability on joint credit lines: If you are a co-signatory on any credit lines (e.g., credit cards), contact your bank to discuss options for limiting your liability. Explain your situation and request that your liability be capped for any new debt incurred after the separation.

        Close joint bank accounts

        You may consider closing joint accounts if you proceed with a separation. This process normally requires signatures from all managing members of the bank account and may also take some time, as all debts against the account need to be paid first (e.g. credit card debts). The general steps are:

        1. Both owners need to agree: If an agreement cannot be reached, then you may need a court order to settle the matter or simply maintain a hold on the account until an agreement can be reached
        2. Cancel all direct debits and credits: You and your former partner must cancel all direct debits and credits to the account.
        3. Zero balance: Pay off any overdrawn amount and decide how to divide the remaining account balance with your former partner; the balance must be zero before closing the account
        4. Advise the bank: Request the account be closed with the bank. They will need to verify both owners’ identities, take note of the date and time you called and the name of the customer service officer you spoke to
        5. Put it in writing: Follow up with a letter or email confirming your request, including your joint account details, both signatures and details of your phone call. Ask for written confirmation that the account has been closed. Keep a copy of your letter
        6. Confirmation: The bank should confirm the joint account has been closed. This could be a letter or a final statement. If this does not arrive, follow up with the bank

        For more information about joint accounts, see MoneySmart – Joint Accounts

        For more information about cancelling credit cards, see MoneySmart – Credit Cards

        Separate superannuation

        Superannuation is considered property and can be divided during separation or divorce, but it remains subject to superannuation laws, meaning it cannot be accessed as cash until you meet the usual conditions of release (such as retirement).

        Here’s how you can split superannuation after separation:

        • Certified agreement: You and your former partner can have a lawyer certify a written agreement to split your superannuation. This allows you to avoid going to court, but it's essential that both parties retain a copy of the agreement.
        • Consent orders: If you agree to divide the superannuation but want formal legal recognition, you can apply for consent orders through the Family Court.
        • Court order: If you cannot reach an agreement, you may need to seek a court order to split the superannuation. The court will decide based on the circumstances and contributions of each party

        You should seek legal advice about these options. These websites have helpful resources on dividing superannuation:

        Changing insurance policy

        After a separation or divorce, reviewing and updating your insurance policies is essential to securing your financial future. You must tell your insurer if you have a change in circumstances, such as changing names, contact details, or other changes to the assets you have insured.  Here’s what you need to consider when reviewing your insurance policies after a separation:

        1. Life insurance

        • Beneficiary update: One of the most critical actions is updating the beneficiary on your life insurance policy. If your former partner is listed as the beneficiary, change this to reflect your current wishes, such as naming children or another trusted individual.
        • Policy Review: Assess whether your current life insurance coverage still meets your needs, especially if your financial obligations have changed after the separation. You may need to adjust the coverage amount or consider a new policy.

        2. Health insurance

        • Policy separation: If you had a family health insurance policy with your former partner, you’ll need to separate it into individual policies. Contact your health insurance provider to create a new policy that suits your current circumstances.
        • Coverage review: Ensure that your new policy covers your health needs and those of any dependents. Based on your new situation, you may want to add or remove certain coverages.

        3. Home and contents insurance

        • Policy ownership: If you’ve moved out of the family home or have taken sole ownership, update the home and contents insurance policy to reflect the current ownership. Ensure that the policy is in your name if you are the sole owner.
        • Coverage adjustment: Review the coverage to ensure it reflects the current value of your belongings, especially if items were divided during the separation.

        4. Car insurance

        • Ownership update: If you’ve taken ownership of a vehicle previously shared with your former partner, ensure that the car insurance policy is updated to reflect this change.
        • Policy review: Consider whether you need to adjust the coverage based on your new circumstances, such as changing the level of coverage.

        5. Income protection insurance

        Review and adjust: If your income or employment situation has changed post-separation, your income protection insurance may need to be adjusted. Ensure the policy still aligns with your current financial needs.

        Update your will

        After a separation or divorce it’s essential to update your will to ensure your assets are distributed according to your current wishes. Here’s what you need to consider:

        Ownership of assets:

        • Joint ownership: If you and your former partner own assets jointly, such as a home, the asset automatically transfers to the surviving owner(s) upon your death. This means it bypasses your will and is not part of your estate.
        • Tenants in common: If you own property as tenants in common, each person owns a specific share. Your share does not automatically go to the other owner(s) when you die; instead, it becomes part of your estate and is distributed according to your will. This allows you to leave your share to anyone you choose.

        Impact of divorce on your will: In Australia, a divorce automatically revokes your will unless it states otherwise or there is other evidence showing that you intended the will to remain valid. If your will is revoked, you must create a new one to reflect your current intentions as soon as possible.

        Steps to update your will:

        • Revise beneficiaries: Update your beneficiaries to reflect your current wishes, including removing or adjusting provisions for your former partner.
        • Update executors and guardians: Consider appointing new individuals if your former partner was named in these roles.
        • Include a divorce clause: If you’re in the process of divorcing, include a clause stating that the divorce should not revoke your will.

        3G.

        Find legal representation

        Types of legal representation

        It's important to understand the various types of legal representation available when dealing with legal issues such as separation, divorce, or other family matters. These options differ in terms of cost, level of service, and the kind of support provided. Here’s a breakdown of the main types:

        1. Community options

        • Community legal centres and aids: These services offer free legal advice, information, and representation to people who cannot afford private legal services. They often focus on specific issues like domestic violence, tenancy, and family law. They are an excellent resource for those who need legal help but face financial constraints.
        • Pro bono legal services: Some law firms and individual lawyers offer pro bono (free) legal services to clients who cannot afford representation. These services are often available for cases with significant public interest or a strong legal basis.

        2. Private lawyers

        • Description: Private lawyers offer personalised legal services and can represent you in court, handle complex legal matters, and provide ongoing advice. They are particularly useful for cases involving significant assets or complicated family situations.
        • Cost: Private lawyers typically charge by the hour, and fees can vary widely based on the lawyer's experience and the complexity of the case.
        • When to use: When you can afford private legal services and need expert guidance through your legal issues.

        3. Self-representation

        • Description: Self-representation involves managing your legal case without a lawyer. This option requires a good understanding of legal procedures and a significant time commitment. While it can save money, it’s generally recommended only for those who feel confident navigating the legal system on their own.
        • Resources: Resources, including court guides, online resources, and legal information services, are available to help those who choose self-representation.
        • When to use: When you have a straightforward legal issue, cannot afford a lawyer, and are comfortable handling legal processes on your own.

        Community based representation

        Finding the right legal representation is crucial for protecting your rights and navigating the complexities of the legal process. A friend or family member might have a lawyer they can recommend to you, or the list below shows an inclusive list of low-to-no-cost legal representation options:

        • Description: CLCs provide free legal advice, information, and representation to people who cannot afford a private lawyer. These centres can assist with family law matters, including divorce, child custody, and property settlement.
        • Eligibility: Services are generally available to those experiencing financial hardship, including low-income earners and women facing domestic violence.
        • How to access: Locate your nearest CLC through the Community Legal Centres Australia website.
        • Description: Legal Aid commissions in each state and territory offer free or low-cost legal services for those who meet the eligibility criteria. Legal Aid can provide representation in court, as well as legal advice and assistance with family law issues.
        • Eligibility: Primarily for low-income individuals. Eligibility is determined based on income, assets, and the merits of the case.
        • How to access: Visit your state's Legal Aid website to apply or find out more.
        • Description: Specialised legal services for women, often focused on family law, domestic violence, and issues related to gender discrimination. These services offer free or low-cost legal advice and representation.
        • Eligibility: Available to all women, with some services prioritising those experiencing domestic violence or financial hardship.
        • How to access: Find a service in your state using the tab system below.
          National

          Family Violence Law Help: A helpful national resource to learn about family law, child protection and restraining orders.

          National Enquiry Centre Family Court Matters Resource Hub: Learn about separating smart, children, finances, property and other family-related legal concerns.

          WA

          Legal Aid WA Duty Lawyer Service: A duty lawyer can advise you about your legal options but cannot represent you at trial. They are a good place to start discussing your legal concerns.

          Helpful videos: Learn about family law and separating with Legal Aid WA.

          Women’s Legal Service WA: Women’s Legal Service WA provides a range of legal support services to West Australian women in crisis or those facing disadvantage.

          ACT

          Legal Aid ACT Domestic and Family Violence Unit: Specialist domestic and family violence lawyers who are available to provide you with free legal help every day of the week. 

          Women's Legal Centre ACT: Provides free legal advice and representation to women, trans people and non-binary people.

          Care Consumer Law: A community legal centre that provides free legal advice and assistance to people in the ACT involved in legal disputes with financial service providers such as banks and other credit providers, telecommunication companies and other businesses and traders.

          ACT Duty Lawyers: A duty lawyer can advise you about your legal options but cannot represent you at trial. They are a good place to start discussing your legal concerns.

          NSW

          Legal Aid Duty Lawyers: A duty lawyer can advise you about your legal options but cannot represent you at trial. They are a good place to start discussing your legal concerns.

          Community Legal Centre's 'Find a match' Online tool: Answer a short survey to find a community legal centre that may be able to help you

          Women's Legal Service NSW: Women's Legal Service NSW (WLS NSW) is a community legal centre providing women across NSW with a range of free legal services.

          LawAccess NSW: A free government telephone service that provides legal information, referrals and in some cases, advice for people who have a legal problem in NSW. They are a starting point to help with your legal problem (1300 888 529).

          QLD

          Community Legal Centre Queensland services search: Search by category and location to find local services to help with your legal concerns.

          Legal Aid Queensland Family Law Guide: This booklet is for anyone who needs basic information on family law. It is for people who are thinking about separation or who have separated.

          Legal Aid Request for Duty Lawyers: A duty lawyer can advise you about your legal options but cannot represent you at trial. They are a good place to start discussing your legal concerns.

          Women’s Legal Service Queensland: A community legal centre offering free legal assistance to women., with offices in Brisbane (Annerley), Caboolture, Ipswich and at the Gold Coast (Southport). They provide legal advice and support with domestic and family violence, family separation or divorce, parenting, child safety and protecting counselling notes in sexual assault matters.

          VIC

          Victoria Legal Aid: A free services legal services to protect and represent the rights of Victorians.

          Legal Aid VIC Duty Lawyers: A duty lawyer can advise you about your legal options but cannot represent you at trial. They are a good place to start discussing your legal concerns.

          Women’s Legal Service Victoria: Free and confidential services to help women experiencing family violence, separation, and divorce to find safety and get legal advice.

          SA

          Legal Services Commission of South Australia: Legal Services seeks to give all South Australians equal access to justice through the legal system, providing free legal information, legal advice and legal education to all. They offer a duty solicitor service, to help advise or represent people and a Family Law Guide.

          Women’s Legal Service SA: Women's Legal Service (SA) is a community-based legal centre and not-for-profit organisation that provides legal services, assistance and justice to the women of South Australia who are in vulnerable circumstances.

          TAS

          Legal Aid Tasmania: Provides legal information and advice, representation, minor assistance, mediation and legal education to all Tasmanians.

          Women's Legal Service Tasmania: Women’s Legal Service Tasmania is a community legal service funded by the Commonwealth Attorney-General’s Department.  A free and statewide service, with offices in Hobart, Burnie and Launceston.

          Community Legal Centres Tasmania: Find a list of available legal centres that provide free legal services to the public.

          The Court Support and Liaison Service: This service provided by Victim Support Services, Department of Justice, provides free and confidential support to adult and child victims of family violence.

          NT

          Northern Territory Legal Aid Commission: Find free call helplines, information on popular topics, and support for finding a lawyer.

          Legal Aid Duty Lawyer Service: Legal Aid can give you legal advice and represent you in the local court.

          Women’s Legal Service Northern Territory: Find four available services that provide free legal support to women, by location.

          Community Legal Services List: Find a list of all available legal services in the NT.

          4.  Family relationship centres

          • Description: These centres offer mediation services to help couples reach agreements on family law matters, such as child custody and property settlement, without going to court. They also provide information and referrals to other legal services.
          • Eligibility: Available to all, but fees are charged on a sliding scale based on income.
          • How to access: Find your nearest centre through Family Relationships Online.
            National

            Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Legal Services (ATSILS)

            • Description: ATSILS provides culturally appropriate legal services to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people across Australia. They assist with family law, criminal law, civil law, and human rights matters, including domestic violence and child protection issues.

            Description: FVPLS provides legal assistance to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and children experiencing family violence. Their services include legal advice, casework, court representation, and community legal education. They also offer support with issues like child protection, family law, and victims’ compensation.

            WA

            Aboriginal Family Legal Services

            Aboriginal Legal Service of Western Australia

            ACT
            NSW

            Aboriginal Legal Service

            First Nations Women's Legal Program at Women's Legal Service NSW: A free, confidential legal information, advice and referrals to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women in NSW. It has a focus on domestic violence, sexual assault, parenting issues, family law, discrimination and victim support.

            Wirringa Baiya Aboriginal Women's Legal Centre: A state-wide community legal centre for Aboriginal women, children and youth. Wirringa Baiya focuses on issues relating to violence.

            QLD

            Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Legal Service

            VIC

            Aboriginal Legal Service

            Djirra for Aboriginal Women

            SA

            Aboriginal Legal Rights Movement

            TAS

            Tasmanian Aboriginal Legal Service

            NT

            North Australian Aboriginal Justice Agency (NAAJA)

            3H.

            Prepare for family court

            What to expect

            Family court is where legal decisions are made regarding divorce, property settlement, child custody, and other family-related matters. The process can be formal and complex, with hearings, affidavits, and the presentation of evidence. Be ready to follow legal protocols and present your case clearly and respectfully:

            • Dress appropriately: Wear neat and comfortable clothing. Dressing appropriately shows respect for the court and helps you feel more confident.
            • Be respectful: Address the judge or magistrate respectfully by saying "Your Honour." Speak clearly and answer questions directly.
            • Bring support: Bring a trusted friend, family member, or support worker with you. They can provide emotional support and help you stay calm.
            • Safety measures:  If you’re worried about encountering your abuser at court, inform court staff beforehand. You can request safety measures, like a separate waiting area or security escort.
            • Take notes: Bring a notebook and pen to take notes during the proceedings. This can help you remember important details and instructions from the judge.
            • Ask for clarification: If you don’t understand something, it’s okay to ask for clarification. The court will appreciate that you want to fully understand the proceedings.

            Gather evidence for court

            Collecting relevant evidence is crucial in family court cases, particularly when children are involved. Evidence might include financial records, communication logs (such as emails and text messages), medical reports, and documentation of any instances of family violence. Photographs and social media posts may also be relevant. Organise your evidence systematically, ensuring it directly supports your case. Seeking legal advice can help you understand the most effective evidence type and how to present it properly in court. Learn more about collecting evidence.

            Child custody

            Child custody decisions in Australia are based on the child's best interests, which is the priority in any family law matter. The court will consider factors like the child’s relationship with each parent, the capacity of each parent to care for the child, and any history of family violence. Custody arrangements can vary, with options including sole custody (where one parent has primary responsibility) or shared custody (where both parents share responsibilities). The court favours arrangements that maintain the child’s relationship with both parents, provided it’s safe and in the child’s best interests.

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